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An ecozone is the broadest biogeographic division of the Earth's land surface, based on distributional patterns of terrestrial organisms.

Ecozones delineate large areas of the Earth's surface within which organisms have been evolving in relative isolation over long periods of time, separated from one another by geographic features, such as oceans, broad deserts, or high mountain ranges, that constitute barriers to migration. As such, ecozone designations are used to indicate general groupings of organisms based on their shared biogeography. Ecozones correspond to the floristic kingdoms of botany or zoogeographic regions of zoology.

Ecozones are characterized by the evolutionary history of the organisms they contain. They are distinct from biomes, also known as major habitat types, which are divisions of the Earth's surface based on life form, or the adaptation of animals, fungi, micro-organisms and plants to climatic, soil, and other conditions. Biomes are characterized by similar climax vegetation. Each ecozone may include a number of different biomes. A tropical moist broadleaf forest in Central America, for example, may be similar to one in New Guinea in its vegetation type and structure, climate, soils, etc., but these forests are inhabited by animals, fungi, micro-organisms and plants with very different evolutionary histories.

The patterns of distribution of living organisms in the world's ecozones were shaped by the process of plate tectonics, which has redistributed the world's land masses over geological history.

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    Afrotropical

    The Afrotropical (African) Ecozone Africa. Home to Bushbabies and Bushmen, River River Hogs and Red Rock Rabbits, and some truly nasty diseases The Afrotropical (African) Ecozone here covers Africa south of the Sahara,  Madagascar and some small islands in the Indian Ocean, along with southern Saudi Arabia, Oman, the UAE and read more

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    Australasian

    The Australasian Ecozone Australasia. Home to Dunnarts and dunnies, flying doctors and flying foxes, and far more than its fair share of the world’s most venmous creatures. The Australasian Ecozone here covers Australia, New Zealand, New Zealand and islands in the South West Pacific. To make it simpler to use read more

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    Nearctic

    The Nearctic (North American) Ecozone The Nearctic. Home to Groundhogs, Ground Squirrels and ground beef. Where the scenery is larger than life and so are the meals. The Nearctic (North American) Ecozone covers all of  Canada and the USA (I include southern Florida here though it technically belongs in the Neotropical Zone), the highlands read more

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    Neotropical

    The Neotropical (South American) Ecozone The Neotropics. Home to Woolly Opposums and Silky Anteaters, cold margeritas, hot chilli and hotter chicas. The Neoptrical (South American) Ecozone covers South and Central America, and the southern Mexican lowlands and the Caribbean. Information – sometimes detailed, sometimes less so – on mammal watching in many areas is included on read more

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    Oriental

    The Oriental (South East Asian) Ecozone The Orient. Home to Tigers and Tapirs, Gibbons and gastro. And where the driving, the menus and the massage parlours are full of surprises. The Oriental (Indo-Malayan or South East Asian) Ecozone here stretches from Afghanistan through the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia to lowland southern China, and includes the Philippines and Indonesia as far east read more

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    Palearctic

    The Palearctic (Europe and northern Asia) Ecozone The Palearctic. Home to Hedgehogs and Hamsters, Ibexes and Ikea, good cheese, bad traffic, and crap weather. The Palearctic Ecozone covers a slab of land north of the Sahara and the Himalayas, stretching from the UK in the west through to Siberia and Japan in read more

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